テラリウム・アクアリウム・ヴィヴァリウム

テラリウムを作っていただきました！

近くのお花屋さんが多肉植物を揃えていて、時々小さな鉢を買います。先月の雑誌 The Gardenできれいなテラリウムの写真があったので、30年以上前に実佳に買ったガラスの花瓶に多肉植物をいくつか植えていただきました。

この花瓶は、弱点だらけの商品です（笑）まず外側の絵が、たしかに美しいのですが、色落ちがかなり激しいです。一度外側を拭いたら色があっという間に落ちました。花を入れる入り口はとても薄くて、一度だけ少し欠けてしまい、手を入れるとそこで怪我をします。一番激しい弱点は、水を入れるはずの花瓶ですが、水を入れると球形のレンズにようになり、家の食卓のテーブルに焼け跡を残しました。ううううむ（笑）

それやこれやで、この花瓶は第一線を完全に退いて、トイレにビー玉を入れて置いたりしたのですが（笑）、今回、多肉植物のテラリウムということで復活しました！成長が遅い多肉植物を揃えてもらい、水を入れないで長持ちします。

テラリウムという単語はもちろん terrarium で陸上の動物や植物を集めた小世界、それと対比されるのが アクアリウム aquarium で、海や川の生き物などを集めたもの。どちらも生きたものを集めているからヴィヴァリウム vivarium になるとのこと。ちなみに「サボテン」は日本語とポルトガル語の混合で、石鹸（サボン）のようだという意味らしい。英語では cactus という。これはギリシア語ーラテン語で「棘のある植物」という意味で、彼らがそう呼んだ植物はアーティチョークであったとのこと。確かに写真を見ると棘がある。だからもともと英語の cactus は18世紀くらいまではアーティチョーク、それ以降はサボテンになった（らしい）。

医療英会話156

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.477-479.  「肘頭」（ちゅうとう）から「徴候」まで。

 

肘頭

elbow point

 

中毒

poisoning, intoxication, overdose, alcohol poisoning, symptom of mushroom poisoning

poised by eating wild mushrooms

be a workaholic/work addict

be addicted to stimulant drugs

be a stimulant addict

become addicted to paint thinner

 

注入

inject the contrast medium into the blood vessels

 

中年

middle age, middle-aged, midlife, middle-aged person, people of middle age

a middle-aged woman

early middle age

Muscle strength gradually deteriorates with middle age.

This medical condition is common/prevalent among middle-aged people.

the middle years of one's life

 

チューブ

tube

put/place/insert a feeding tube

feeding tube, nutritional tube

 

昼夜

have one's days and nights reversed

have day-night sleep reversal 

 

中葉

middle lobe

 

虫卵

parasite egg, parasite examination

 

中和

neutralisation, neutralise, neutralisation test

 

腸

bowel, intestine, colon, colonic

Do you have any bowel trouble?

Is there anything wrong with your intestines?

I am going to give you a laxative drug to empty your bowels.

cleanse/irrigate the bowels

 

腸炎

enterocolitis, enteritis 

ultrasonic, ultrasonics, ultrasonic waves

 

超音波

ultrasound test, ultrasound examation

Let me do an ultrasound.

An ultrasound test is safe to your unborn baby.

We found two small gallstones during the ultrasound.

Two small gallstones were found during the ultrasound.

 

超過勤務

How many hours' overtime do you work a week?

 

聴覚

the sense of hearing, auditory sense, auditory perception, auditory, acoustic

 

腸管

intestinal tract

irritable bowel

 

腸間膜

mesentery

mesenteric ischemia

 

長期

Have you been taking the pill for a long time?

Have you been on the pill for a prolonged period of time?

It takes a long time for rheumatoid arthritis to be well controlled.

Bringing rheumatoid arthritis under control take a long time.

You need to continue taking this medication for a long time.

 

腸球菌

enterococcus 

 

蝶形陰影

butterfly shadow

 

蝶形紅斑

butterfly erythema

 

徴候

The blood test shows signs of inflammation.

Yellowing of the skin is a sign of jaundice.

have a sign of the onset of labour

have a bloody show

signs of death

医療英会話155

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.474-476.  「注意」から「中途」（－ちゅう）まで。

 

注意する

be careful of, be careful to do, take care of, take care to do, pay attention to, watch, get attention, attract attention

Please be careful not to gain too much weight.

Please take good care not to catch a cold.

Please take good care of yourself.

Do you feel that you have a shorter attention span recently?

Your child must have made a fuss just to attract attention.

 

注意欠如多動症 ADHD

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

 

注意事項

Please read the instructions carefully.

Please make sure to follow the instructions.

 

中央

The nurses' station is located in the centre of the ward.

pain localised to the centre of the chest

 

中間

middle, medium, intermediate, halfway, midway

 

中期

the middle stage pf pregnancy, the second trimester of pregnancy

 

忠告

Let me give you a piece of advice, don not overdo things.

My advice to you is to stop/quit smoking.

I would like to advise you not to smoke.

stay home from school for a week on the advice of one's doctor

 

中止

stop, discontinue, suspend, give up, cancel

Please stop the medication at once if you experience any nausea or vomiting.

Let us discontinue the chemotherapy because your condition has not improved.

 

中刺症

insect bite

 

注射

I am going to give you and injection in your left arm.

Did you have a flu shot?

This shot is for your pain.

The injection is not going to hurt.

Please avoid rubbing the infection site.

 

駐車

This is a no-parking area, so please use the pay parking lot over there.

 

注射針

Have you ever shared needles with another person?

Please bring used needles to the hospital.

 

抽出する

Penicillin was extracted from blue mould.

random sampling, sampling survey

 

昼食

have lunch, skip lunch, take the medication thirty minutes after lunch.

 

中心

The hospital I recommend is in the centre of the city.

The heart is located in the middle of the chest.

We strive to provide patient-centred medical care in this hospital.

a fish and vegetable diet

Is your diet primarily meat-oriented diet?

 

虫垂

Have you had your appendix taken out?

Have you had an appendectomy?

 

中枢

In this region there is a language-related centre.

 

中枢神経

damage the central nerves

 

中性脂肪

Neutral fat levels indicate risk factors for various diseases, including arteriosclerosis.

 

中断

You should avoid drinking alcohol at night because it can interrupt sleep.

If any severe side effects appear, we are going to temporarily discontinue the treatment.

 

注腸

enema

 

中程度

moderate, average

 

中途

waking up several times during the night, frequent nighttime awakening

映画 Vivarium の youtube

今日のエスプレッソも楽しかった。軟体動物であるイカの賢さや、ルネッサンスのイタリアの美しさと恐怖など、どれも楽しい話題である。しかし今日はフランスの SF映画の Vivarium である。フランスのSF映画はとても楽しい。ジャン＝ピエール・ジュネが今から30年ほど前に『デリカテッセン』、15年ほど前に『アメリ』を上映して、世界的な大ヒットとなった。今回は Vivarium というタイトルでの恐怖映画。現代社会の根本的な問題を鮮やかな画像でとらえた映画。これは大ヒットすると思います。私は絶対に見ます！　

www.youtube.com

発疹チフスと戦争

akihitosuzuki.hatenadiary.jp

発疹チフスについてジンサーが言っている古典をまとめたことがありました。監獄や刑務所や収容所や軍隊の疾病であることが実感できます。

アンネ・フランクが死んだのは typhus か typhoid か

発疹チフスと腸チフス。医学史の初心者にとってこの二つを区別することが、ある意味で感染症の歴史家への第一歩である（笑）今回『医療英会話キーワード辞典』の「チフス」の項目で、＜「チフス」には三つある、一つは腸チフス、一つはパラチフス、もう一つが発疹チフスである＞という記述があった。これは私が教えていることとかなり違って、静かに驚愕して、ちょっと調べたが、やはり現在の日本でもこういう三つのチフスという考えは少数派であるとのこと。日本語の wikipedia を見てください。

しかし、日本語の wikipedia でも驚いたのが、アンネ・フランクが「チフス」で死んだという指摘。これも私が驚愕した発言である。確かに腸チフスと発疹チフスは見た目が似ているけれども、発疹チフスは昔から刑務所などで流行するから、アウシュヴィッツでは発疹チフスが流行し、アンネ・フランクも「発疹チフス」の被害者と考えられている。東京でも数少ない発疹チフスはたしか土木労働者のバラックで流行した。腸チフスは戦前の東京ではブルジョワジーがかかる病気であった。

やはりこの二つの疾病は難しいのだろうか。

医療英会話154

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.471-473.  「乳首」から「ー中」（－ちゅう）まで。

 

乳首

Have you noticed any changes in your nipples, such as changes in the size, shape, or colour?

Have you noticed any discharge from your nipples?

What is the colour of the nipple discharge?

Let me just pinch/squeeze your nipples to check for any discharge.

have an inverted nipple

 

治験

Would you mind participating in a clinical trial?

clinical trial coordinator

 

恥垢

smegma

 

致死

fatal, lethal

be fatally wounded

manslaughter, accidental/involuntary killing

case fatality rate

 

知識

get accurate knowledge about the disease

 

地図

For directions to the hospital, visit the map and direction page on the hospital's website.

 

チタン

It is OK to have an MRI even though you have titanium implants in your body.

 

父

father, male parent, one's grandmother on one's father's side

 

乳

breastfeed one's baby

How much formula does your baby drink?

Are you concerned that your baby is not breastfeeding well?

You will have to bottle feed your baby if your breasts don't produce enough milk.

Are you wean your baby off breast milk, your breasts will stop producing milk.

Please express your breast milk if your breast become too full.

If your breast become too full, they may become swollen and painful.

You have a small lump in your left breast.

 

縮む

Your lung has collapsed due to pneumothorax.

 

膣

Do you have any vaginal discharge?

Do you have any vaginal bleeding?

vaginal dryness, vaginal itching, have vaginal bleeding after intercourse 

 

チック

Does you child have any facial tics?

 

窒息する

choke on a piece of rice cake

choke to death, suffocate

 

知的な

intellectual disability/disorder/impairment

mental retardation

child with an intellectual disability

intellectually challenged child

 

知能

measure intelligence

high/low intelligence

Intelligence develops at different rates in different people, so please do not worry.

IQ, intelligence quotient

 

血走る

Her eyes are bloodshot.

 

遅発

late, delayed, delayed puberty

late-phase allergic reaction

 

チフス

typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, epidemic typhus

 

血豆

get a blood blister on one's finger

 

致命傷

suffer a fatal injury to the head

a very serious injury

 

致命的

It was fatal that the cancer had spread/metastasised to the brain.

 

茶

How about a cup of tea?

Please do not take the medication with coffee, tea, or juice.

 

茶色

dark brown vomit that looks like coffee grounds

 

着実に

Your liver function is improving steadily.

embryo implantation

preimplantation assessment

 

着用

put on, take off, wear

Please put on a mask, cap and gown in the intensive care unit.

 

ちゃんと

If you work hard, good results will definitely follow.

Even though he is unable to speak, he should be able to hear exactly what we are saying.

Please follow the hospital rules and regulations properly.

Do you eat regularly three times a day?

Please be sure to take this medication exactly as directed.

Can you sit up properly?

 

治癒

cure, curative, curable, healing

complete cure, spontaneous cure, natural healing, curative surgery

 

チュアブル錠

Please allow these chew-able tablets to completely melt in your mouth before swalloing.

 

中

What size gown do you want?  Small, medium, or large?

 

ー中

in the morning, during a meal, during sleep, during exercise

Dr Suzuki is now seeing outpatients.