医療英会話104

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.311-313.  「実に」から「シトルリン」まで。「失」で始まる名称と「実」で始まる名称の対比が非常に多かった一日でした。
 
実に
very, extremely, really, actually, terribly, awfully, quite
You did very well.
The symptoms of this disease are really numerous and quite complex.
 
失認
agnosia
loss of the ability to recognise people and objects
visual agnosia, visual-spacial agnosia
 
実の
a biological mother
one's real age
 
実は
actually, in fact, the fact is that, to tell you the truth, the truth is, unfortunately
You are concerned about your total cholesterol levels, but, in fact, high LDL levels are considered more dangerous.
The fact is that it is very difficult to diagnose the cause of numbness and to treat it.
To tell the truth, I am surprised by your speedy recovery.
 
失敗する
The experiment failed.
Do not be discouraged just because you failed.  Please try again.
 
実費
Place be advised that patients will pay for diapers incontinence underwear at their own expense.
 
湿布
put a compress on one's shoulder
Please apply this compress to your lower back twice a day.
 
実物大の
In the antenatal class, participants practice bathing a baby using lifelike demonstration dolls.
 
疾病
International Classification of Diseases
nosophobia, pathophobia, denial of illness, gain from illness
 
失望する
Please do not be disappointed at one bad result.
 
失明する
Without treatment, I fear that you will lost your eyesight.
 
質問
Please answer the following questions.
Let me rephrase my question.
Do you have any questions?
May I ask you some questions about your married life?
 
質問票
Please fill out this questionnaire.
 
実用
This guide/brochure gives practical information to help you understand diet therapy.
 
失立
astasia, astasia-abasia
 
失礼
I am sorry I have kept you waiting.
I am sorry, I am just going to give you an enema.
 
失恋
break up with one's boyfriend
Breaking up with her boyfriend triggered her bulimia.
 
指定の
There is a designated smoking area outside the emergency waiting room.
This disease is designated as an intractable disease.
designated infectious disease
 
私的な
I am sorry but I cannot tell you about my private/personal matters.
I am afraid that I cannot accept private invitations.
 
至適な
optimal, optimum
 
指摘する
Have you ever been told by a doctor that protein was found in your urine at your checkup?
As Dr Kato told you, smoking is harmful to health.
 
視点
Let us think of the problem from another different point of view.
 
自転車
Please push the pedals.
 
指導
What instructions/recommendations did you get from the specialist?
The midwife will show you how to breastfeed your baby.
After this, I would like you to take the nutrition/quit-smoking class.
 
自動の
This air conditioner automatically regulates room temperature.
The door opens automatically.
 
児童
child abuse, child guidance center
 
事故
have a accident
die in a care accident
 
citruline
 

プロダクティヴな咳は新しいのか古いのか、そして良いのか悪いのか

今日は「湿性の」という事項があり、そこに productive という形容詞が掲載されていた。意味は「咳が痰を伴う」であり、20年以上前に結核についての文献を読んでいたころによく出会った形容詞であり、懐かしかった。
 
この意味がいつ発生したか、そしてどのようなニュアンスなのかという問題がある。新しいOEDによると 1923年がその意味の初出であるとのこと。あまりに新しいので、旧いOEDを引くと、1909年に刊行された P の項目では、そのような医学的な意味が書いていない。もちろんジョンソンの辞書にも書いていない。キーワード辞典で見た「湿性の」という訳語が、まるでガレノス主義のようだから、もっと古い意味なのかと思っていた。
 
ニュアンスの問題であるが、咳に痰があるかというのは、結核や肺がんとの関係で非常に悪い意味である。しかし、新しいOEDを見ると、もっと複雑なニュアンスがある。結核は克服され、肺がんもかなりの期間にわたって共存できるので、悪いイメージだけではなくなっている。
 
Medicine. Of a cough: characterized by the production of sputum.
1923   Radiology 1 168/2   At the time of examination..she had a persistent and slightly productive cough.
1965   Brit. Jrnl. Industr. Med. 22 194/1   Those who smoked, and more particularly those who had a productive cough, had lower ventilatory capacities and lower forced expiratory ratios than the remainder.
1994   Guardian Good Health Guide Fall–Winter 11/2   Coughs, like colds, tend to be self limiting. If you are coughing up sputum, this healthy, normal reaction, known as a ‘productive’ cough is simply the lungs and bronchial tubes clearing themselves.

医療英会話103

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.308-310.  「失感情症」から「室内」まで。
 
失感情症
alexithymia
 
膝関節
knee joint
 
失業
lose one's job
How have you been spending your time since losing your job?
 
失禁
Loss of bladder control/Urinary incontinence is a possible complication after this surgery.
When do you usually have this bladder incontinence?
 
しつけ
Is your child toilet-trained?
There is no hurry to toilet-train your child.
 
湿気
Japanese summers are humid, so you should take some steps against mould.
 
実験
The efficacy of this medication has been confirmed by many experiments.
Before clinical trials on human beings, a drug's safety and effectiveness are first confirmed in animal experiments.
 
失語
aphasia
partial or total loss of the ability to communicate in speech or in writing
an aphasic person
 
しつこい
persistent, gnawing, nagging
a persistent cough
greasy food
 
実行する
carry out the treatment plan
That is a good idea.  I suggest you act on that right away.
 
実際に
I cannot say anything definite until we actually perform the surgery.
We cannot actually put that method into practice.
What are you really thinking about your illness?
I had hope her condition would get better, but as it is, I am afraid it is getting worse.
 
実質的な
Generic drugs and brand-name drugs are essentially the same.
 
実習
This is a university-affiliated hospital, in which medical and nursing students sometimes undergo clinical training.  Your understanding and cooperation are appreciated.
 
実証
The effectiveness of this new medication has already been proved overseas.
 
実情
What are your working conditions really like.
The fact is that people in Japan have not yet fully come to terms with brain death.
 
湿疹
eczema, rash
get eczema on the face
Do you have a rash on your abdomen?
This ointment will cure/clear up your rash.
 
湿疹する
Have you ever fainted?
faint from hyperventillation
 
失声
voice loss, loss of the voice, dysphonia
 
湿性
wet, most, productive
 
実績
achieve a good result
He has plenty of successful experience with performing this surgery.
 
実践する
What do you do exactly to get and stay healthy?
If your exercise therapy is a doable one, you will be able to keep it up for a long time.
 
失調
ataxia, malnutrition
 
湿度
Japanese summers are very humid, so you should take care to look after your health condition.
 
じっと
still, fixedly, patiently
Please close your eyes and keep still.
Please keep your eyes fixed on the green point.
 
執刀する
Dr Sasaki will perform your spinal surgery.
 
失読
alexia, acquired dyslexia, text blindness
 
室内
indoor
shut oneself up in one's room
house dust allergy
 

杉岡良彦『医学はどのような学問か　医学概論・医学哲学講義』を書評しました。

https://dokushojin.com/article.html?i=6541

 

『週刊読書人』の3325号 (2020年1月31日）に、杉岡良彦『医学はどのような学問か　医学概論・医学哲学講義』を書評しました。日本においても、医療と人文社会科学の新たな連接が始まりました。多くの優れた書物が出版され、研究の体制も作られ始めています。その中で、教育に着目し、「医学概論」の形で医学部や看護学部の教育の中に組み込むときの試みです。ぜひお読みください！

医療英会話102

医療英会話キーワード辞典。一日3ページずつ音読。今日はpp.305-307. 「自然」から「疾病」まで。

自然の
natural, spontaneous, by oneself
Does the discharge come out by itself or by squeezing?
spontaneous recovery
natural childbirth

事前
Please make an advance appointment.

自然死
natural death

持続する
continue, work, last, maintain, keep up, constant, continuous, persistent, long-acting, prolonged
The painkiller is still working.
Do you have trouble maintaining attention?
Do you have the pain all the time?
Does the pain come and go, or does it stay?

自尊心
lose one's self-respect
hurt a person's pride

下
down, under, below, up, on top of, above
Please look down.
have a big mole under one's left eye.
The eletrocardiography room is on the floor below this one.
Your blood pressure is one hundred and thirty-five over ninety.

舌
Do you have any problems with your tongue?
Let me examine your tongue.
the tip of one's tongue
Do you have a pain in your tongue?
Does your tongue often get rough?
Does you tongue often get coated/furred?
Do you often have ulcers on your tongue?
one's speech becomes slurred
Please stick out your tongue.
move one's tongue from left to right
Please place this tablet under your tongue and let it dissolve slowly.

死体
dead body, corpse, cadaver, cadaveric
hospital morgue
autopsy, postmortem examination
death certificate, cadaveric rigidity
embalming

事態
situation, things
I am afraid that the situation is rather serious/critical.
prepare for the worse situation

辞退する
I am sorry but we have to decline your gift.

肢体不自由
physically disabled/challenged person

従う
follow, observe, obey
follow the attending doctor's instructions
follow/observe the hospital rules and regulations

下着
Please take off your undershirt.
Please take off all your clothes except for your underpants.
Please pull up your underwear.

自宅
What is your home phone number?
Would you like to recuperate/convalesce at home?
Please spend a couple of weeks before the surgery.
have the treatment at a hospital near one's home

親しい
Do you have any close friends in Japan?
Can you speak easily/in a friendly way with strangers?

滴る
Do you have any dribbling/leaking after you urinate?

下見
Let's go and take a preliminary look at the intensive care unit before your surgery.

市中
Flu is going around this community
community-acquired pneumonia

師長
supervisor, manager
nursing supervisor

質
The quality of medical care is high/low.
improve the quality of care for patients
improve the quality of life

室温
Please keep this medication at room temperature.

しっかり
Is he conscious?
Are you OK? Hold on! The ambulance will come right here.
Eating a good breakfast will give you a good start to the day.

疾病
disease, disorder, sickness, illness

「ウッドチャックの日」と「立春」

今年の立春は2月4日。二十四節気の最初の節気である。外国では、2月2日が Groundhog Day で、「ウッドチャックの日」の意味。もともとは古代・中世のドイツに起源があり、近代にカナダや合衆国に移住したドイツ系の移民の儀式。簡単にいうと、ウッドチャックが穴から出てくるのを観察し、そのまま外界で生活するならば春が始まり、寒さにまた穴に返るならまだ冬であるという儀式である。現在ではペンシルヴァニアのパンクストーニー Punxsutawney という小さな街で phil と呼ばれるウッドチャックを見る行事が大きなイベントであるとのこと。しかし、当たり前だが、その春か冬かの予言が非常に不正確で、困っているとのこと。
 
二十四節気に関して、正直言って不明なものは非常に多い。立春は「東風解凍」（とうふうこほりをとく）「蟄蟲始振」（ちっちゅうはじめてうごく）「魚上氷」（うおこおりをのぼる）とある。この魚が氷の割れ目から顔を出す末候と、ウッドチャックの日は、確かに少し似ている。少しですが（笑）